Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test 2025 - Free Anatomy Practice Questions and Study Guide

B-cells are a type of lymphocyte that play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response. When B-cells encounter an antigen, they can differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies specific to that antigen. Some of these B-cells become memory cells after the initial exposure to the antigen.

Memory B-cells are a vital part of the immune system because they provide long-lasting immunity. Upon re-exposure to the same antigen, memory B-cells can rapidly differentiate into plasma cells and produce antibodies much faster than during the first exposure. This ability to recall past infections allows the body to mount a more efficient and effective immune response, thereby enhancing protection against future infections.

The other cell types listed do not have this specific capability. T-cells also play a significant role in immune memory and can become memory T-cells, but they were not identified in this question's context as having this capability exclusively. Natural killer cells and phagocytes, while important in the immune response, do not function as memory cells in the same way that B-cells do. Thus, B-cells are correctly identified as the cells capable of developing into memory cells, contributing effectively to the immunological memory in the body.